Zotsatirazi zamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chitchaina pomasulira makina popanda kusintha.
Pomasulira Chivietinamu ndi Chitchaina, nthawi zambiri pamakhala kusamvetsetsana komwe sikumangokhudza kulondola kwa kumasulira, komanso kungayambitse kusamvana kapena kufalitsa uthenga molakwika. Nazi malingaliro olakwika omasuliridwa ndi mayankho ofananira.
1. Kusiyana kwa chinenero
Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pamapangidwe a galamala pakati pa Vietnamese ndi China. Kapangidwe ka ziganizo m'Chivietinamu ndi chosinthika, ndipo maverebu omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa chiganizo, pomwe Chitchaina amagogomezera kwambiri dongosolo lokhazikika la mutu, chilozera, ndi chinthu. Kusiyana kwamapangidwe kumeneku kungayambitse kusamvetsetsana kapena kutaya chidziwitso panthawi yomasulira. Mwachitsanzo, m'Chivietinamu, kukana kawiri kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kusonyeza kutsimikizira, pamene m'Chitchaina, mawu otsimikiza omveka bwino amafunikira kuti apereke tanthauzo lomwelo.
Njira yothetsera vutoli ndiyo kupanga masinthidwe oyenerera a galamala ya chiganizocho kuonetsetsa kuti chiganizo chomasuliridwa cha Chitchaina chikugwirizana ndi chizolowezi cha chilankhulo cha Chitchaina. Omasulira ayenera kumvetsa mozama cholinga cha malemba oyambirirawo ndiponso kuti asinthe moyenerera potsatira malamulo a kalembedwe ka Chitchaina.
2. Nkhani yomasulira mawu enieni
Kutanthauzira kwenikweni kwa mawu ndi chimodzi mwamalingaliro olakwika odziwika pomasulira. Pali mawu ambiri mu Chivietinamu ndi Chitchaina omwe ali ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana, ndipo palinso nthawi zina pomwe sangafanane nawo mwachindunji. Mwachitsanzo, liwu lachi Vietnamese loti 'c ả m ơ n' limamasuliridwa mwachindunji kuti' zikomo ', koma m'njira yeniyeni, liwu lachitchainizi' zikomo 'litha kukhala ndi mawu omveka bwino kapena amphamvu.
Pofuna kupewa kusamvetsetsana komwe kumachitika chifukwa chomasulira mawu liwu liwu ndi liwu, omasulira ayenera kusankha mawu oyenerera a Chitchaina malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni za nkhaniyo. Kumvetsetsa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe ndi malingaliro a malemba oyambirira, kusankha mawu achi China omwe angakhale ndi cholinga chomwecho ndikofunikira.
3. Mawu Okuluwika ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mneneri Molakwika
Mawu okuluwika ndi mikuluwiko nthawi zambiri samveka bwino pomasulira chifukwa mawuwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. M'Chivietinamu, mawu okuluwika ndi miyambi mwina alibe mawu ofanana ndi achi China. Mwachitsanzo, mawu achi Vietnamese akuti “Đ i ế c kh ô ng s ợ s ú ng” (omasuliridwa kuti “osawopa mfuti”) sangakhale ndi mawu ofotokozera achi China.
Njira yothetsera nkhaniyi ndi kupereka tanthauzo la miyambi kapena miyambi kwa owerenga kudzera mu kumasulira kwaulere osati kumasulira kwenikweni. Omasulira ayenera kumvetsa tanthauzo la miyambi imeneyi pa chikhalidwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ofanana ndi achi China kuti apereke mfundo zofanana.
4. Kusamvana komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa zikhalidwe
Kusiyana kwa zikhalidwe ndi vuto lina lalikulu pa kumasulira. Kusiyana kwachikhalidwe pakati pa Vietnam ndi China kungayambitse kusamvetsetsana kwa malingaliro kapena mawu ena. Mwachitsanzo, mu chikhalidwe cha Vietnamese, mawu ena akhoza kukhala ndi matanthauzo apadera a chikhalidwe kapena mbiri yakale omwe sangakhale odziwika bwino mu Chitchaina.
Kuti athe kuthana ndi mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa zikhalidwe, omasulira ayenera kumvetsetsa bwino zikhalidwe zonse ziwirizi, athe kuzindikira bwino lomwe mawu apadera a zikhalidwezi, ndi kufotokoza kapena kusintha pomasulira kuti akhale oyenera kwa owerenga Chitchaina. kumvetsa.
5. Kupatuka kwa kamvekedwe ndi kamvekedwe ka mawu
Kamvekedwe ka mawu ndi kamvekedwe ka mawu amatha kusiyanasiyana m'zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana. Chivietinamu ndi Chitchaina amasiyananso kamvekedwe pofotokoza ulemu, kutsindika, kapena kukana. Kusiyanaku kungayambitse kutayika kapena kusamvetsetsa mitundu yamalingaliro panthawi yomasulira. Mwachitsanzo, Chivietinamu angagwiritse ntchito mawu amphamvu posonyeza ulemu, pamene m’Chitchainizi pangafunike mawu odekha.
Omasulira afunika kusintha kamvekedwe ka mawu ndi kamvekedwe kawo mogwirizana ndi katchulidwe ka Chitchainizi kuti atsimikizire kuti mawu omasuliridwawo akugwirizana ndi mfundo zachitchainizi potengera mmene akumvera komanso mwaulemu. Samalani kusiyana kobisika kwa zilankhulo kuti mutsimikizire kulondola komanso mwachibadwa pomasulira.
6. Kumasulira mawu okhudzana ndi umwini
Kumasulira kwa maina oyenerera kulinso lingaliro lolakwika lofala. Mu Vietnamese ndi Chinese, pakhoza kukhala zosagwirizana pakumasulira mayina oyenerera monga mayina a malo, mayina aumwini, mapangidwe a bungwe, ndi zina zotero. Mwachitsanzo, mayina a malo a Vietnamese angakhale ndi matanthauzidwe angapo m'Chitchaina, koma kumasulira kumeneku sikofanana nthawi zonse.
Polankhula ndi mayina oyenerera, omasulira ayenera kutsatira mfundo ya kusinthasintha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zomasulira zokhazikika. Pazifukwa zosadziwika bwino za umwini, ndikosavuta kufunsira zida kapena akatswiri kuti mutsimikizire kulondola komanso kusasinthika kwa zomasulira.
7. Kulinganiza pakati pa kumasulira kwenikweni ndi kumasulira kwaulere
Kumasulira kwenikweni ndi kumasulira kwaulere ndi njira ziwiri zofunika pakumasulira. Pomasulira kuchokera ku Vietnamese kupita ku Chitchaina, kumasulira kwenikweni kumabweretsa kusamvetsetsana kapena matanthauzo osadziwika bwino, pomwe kumasulira kwaulere kumatha kufotokozera bwino cholinga cha mawu oyamba. Komabe, kumasulira kwaulere kochulukira kungapangitse kumasulirako kutaya tsatanetsatane kapena mbali zina za mawu oyamba.
Omasulira ayenera kupeza malire pakati pa kumasulira liwu liwu ndi liwu ndi kumasulira kwaulere, kukhala okhulupirika ku malemba oyambirira pamene akusintha zomasulirazo kuti zigwirizane ndi zizoloŵezi za mawu a Chitchaina. Chifukwa chomvetsetsa mozama malemba oyambirira, omasulira angathandize kuti zomasulirazo zikhale zachibadwa komanso zosavuta kumva pamene akusunga mfundo zolondola.
8. Kupanda chidziwitso ndi mbiri yakale
Kaŵirikaŵiri, kulondola kwa kumasulira kumadalira pa kumvetsetsa bwino nkhani yonse ndi chidziŵitso cha mavesi oyambirira. Ngati womasulirayo sadziwa za chikhalidwe cha Vietnamese, mbiri, kapena miyambo, ndizosavuta kunyalanyaza tsatanetsatane kapena kusamvetsetsana panthawi yomasulira.
Kuti zimenezi zitheke, omasulira ayenera kufufuza bwinobwino zinthu asanamasuliridwe kuti amvetse bwino za chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe komanso mbiri yakale. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti kumasulira sikuli kolondola kokha, komanso kumawonetsera bwino zolinga ndi chikhalidwe cha malemba oyambirira.
Ntchito yomasulira pakati pa Vietnamese ndi Chinese ili ndi zovuta komanso zovuta. Kumvetsetsa ndi kuthana ndi malingaliro olakwika omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa kungawongolere kwambiri kulondola ndi kuwongolera komasulira. Omasulira ayenera kukhala ndi maziko olimba a zilankhulo komanso chidziwitso cha chikhalidwe chawo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito luso lomasulira kuti azitha kufalitsa uthenga wolondola komanso wothandiza polankhulana m’zinenero zosiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-28-2024