Zomwe zili m'munsimu zamasuliridwa kuchokera ku gwero la Chitchaina pogwiritsa ntchito makina omasulira popanda kusinthidwa pambuyo pake.
Bungwe la American Language Companies (ALC) ndi bungwe la makampani lomwe lili ku United States. Mamembala a bungweli makamaka ndi makampani omwe amapereka ntchito zomasulira, kutanthauzira, kutanthauzira malo, ndi malonda a zilankhulo. ALC kwenikweni imachita misonkhano yapachaka chaka chilichonse kuti ilankhule za ufulu wa makampani, kuchita zokambirana pamitu monga chitukuko cha makampani, kasamalidwe ka bizinesi, msika, ndi ukadaulo, komanso kukonza oimira makampani omasulira aku America kuti alowerere Congress. Kuwonjezera pa kuitana olankhula za makampani, msonkhano wapachaka udzakonzanso alangizi odziwika bwino a kayendetsedwe ka makampani kapena akatswiri ophunzitsa utsogoleri ndi ena omwe si olankhula za makampani, ndikutulutsa lipoti la pachaka la makampani a ALC.
Munkhaniyi, tikupereka zomwe zili mu Lipoti la Makampani a 2023ALC (lomwe linatulutsidwa mu Seputembala 2023, ndipo magawo awiri mwa atatu a makampani omwe adafunsidwa anali mamembala a ALC ndipo likulu lawo ndi 70% ku United States), kuphatikiza ndi zomwe TalkingChina Translate adakumana nazo pamakampaniwa, kuti tiyerekezere mosavuta momwe bizinesi yamakampani omasulira ilili ku China ndi United States. Tikukhulupiriranso kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yamayiko ena kuti tipange miyala yathu.
Lipoti la ALC limapereka ziwerengero zazikulu za deta kuchokera kuzinthu 14 kuti tithe kuziona ndikuziyerekeza chimodzi ndi chimodzi:
1. Chitsanzo cha bizinesi
Kufanana pakati pa China ndi United States:
1) Zomwe zili muutumiki: 60% ya ntchito zazikulu za anzawo aku America zimayang'ana kwambiri kumasulira, 30% pa kutanthauzira, ndipo 10% yotsalayo ili m'gulu la zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomasulira; Makampani opitilira theka amapereka ntchito zosinthira makanema, kuphatikiza kulemba mawu, kulemba mawu, mawu omasulira, ndi kulemba mawu.
2) Wogula: Ngakhale kuti makampani oposa awiri pa atatu aku America amatumikira makampani a zamalamulo, 15% yokha ya makampani amagwiritsa ntchito makampaniwa ngati gwero lawo lalikulu la ndalama. Izi zikusonyeza kuti ndalama zomwe makampani a zamalamulo amagwiritsa ntchito popereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo zimagawidwa kwambiri, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwirizana ndi zosowa zakanthawi za kumasulira kwalamulo komanso kukhwima kochepa kwa kugula kumasulira m'makampaniwa. Kuphatikiza apo, oposa theka la makampani anzathu aku America amapereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo ku mabungwe opanga, malonda, ndi a digito. Mabungwewa amagwira ntchito ngati mkhalapakati pakati pa makampani opanga zilankhulo ndi ogula omaliza ochokera m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. M'zaka zaposachedwa, udindo ndi malire a ntchito za zilankhulo zasokonekera: mabungwe ena opanga amapereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo, pomwe ena amakula mu gawo lopanga zinthu. Pakadali pano, 95% ya makampani aku America amapereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo ku makampani ena anzathu, ndipo kugula mkati mwa makampaniwa kumayendetsedwa ndi ubale wogwirizana.
Makhalidwe omwe ali pamwambawa ndi ofanana ndi momwe zinthu zilili ku China. Mwachitsanzo, m'mabizinesi aposachedwa, TalkingChina Translation idakumana ndi nkhani pomwe kasitomala wamkulu yemwe adatumikira kwa zaka zambiri, chifukwa cha kuganizira za kusinthasintha kwa kupanga zinthu ndi mtengo wake, adapereka ndikugulitsa pakati pa mabizinesi onse okhudzana ndi kujambula, kapangidwe, makanema ojambula, kumasulira, ndi zina zokhudzana ndi zinthu. Omwe adatenga nawo mbali pakugula anali makampani otsatsa malonda, ndipo wopambana adadzakhala kontrakitala wamkulu wa luso la zinthu. Ntchito yomasulira inkachitidwanso ndi kontrakitala wamkulu uyu, Kapena kumaliza kapena kugwira ntchito ndi kampani yaying'ono. Mwanjira imeneyi, monga wopereka chithandizo choyambirira chomasulira, TalkingChina ingalimbikire kupitiliza kugwirizana ndi kontrakitala wamkuluyu momwe ingathere, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kudutsa mzere wonse ndikukhala kontrakitala wamkulu wolenga zinthu.
Ponena za mgwirizano wa anzawo ku China, chiwerengero chenichenicho sichikudziwika, koma n'zosakayikitsa kuti chakhala chizolowezi chofala kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa, cholinga chake ndi kukwaniritsa zosowa za makasitomala, kulimbitsa luso m'magawo ozungulira ndi zilankhulo zina, kukhazikitsa njira zoperekera zinthu zosinthika, kapena kukulitsa kapena kugaya mphamvu zopangira, ndi maubwino owonjezera. Bungwe losangalala lachinsinsi likupanganso mapulani ndi zoyesayesa zina zabwino pankhaniyi.
Kusiyana pakati pa China ndi United States:
1) Kukula kwa mayiko: Makampani ambiri aku US amapeza ndalama zawo zazikulu kuchokera kwa makasitomala am'nyumba, koma kampani imodzi mwa zitatu zilizonse ili ndi maofesi m'maiko awiri kapena kuposerapo, ngakhale kuti palibe ubale wabwino pakati pa ndalama ndi kuchuluka kwa nthambi zapadziko lonse lapansi. Zikuoneka kuti kuchuluka kwa kukula kwa mayiko pakati pa makampani aku America kuli kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa kwathu, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi ubwino wawo m'malo, chilankhulo, ndi kufanana kwa chikhalidwe. Amalowa m'misika yatsopano kudzera mukukula kwa mayiko, kupeza zinthu zaukadaulo, kapena kukhazikitsa malo opangira zinthu otsika mtengo.
Poyerekeza ndi izi, kuchuluka kwa makampani omasulira Chitchaina padziko lonse lapansi ndi kotsika kwambiri, ndipo makampani ochepa okha ndi omwe apambana padziko lonse lapansi. Kuchokera ku milandu yochepa yomwe yapambana, zitha kuwoneka kuti oyang'anira mabizinesi okha ndi omwe ayenera kupita patsogolo. Ndibwino kuyang'ana kwambiri misika yakunja, kukhala ndi magulu ogwira ntchito m'deralo, ndikuyika chikhalidwe chamakampani, makamaka malonda ndi malonda, pamsika wakomweko kuti agwire ntchito yabwino yopezera anthu. Zachidziwikire, makampani sakupita kunja chifukwa cha kupita padziko lonse lapansi, koma ayenera choyamba kuganizira chifukwa chake akufuna kupita padziko lonse lapansi komanso cholinga chawo ndi chiyani? Nchifukwa chiyani tingapite kunyanja? Kodi luso lalikulu ndi lotani? Kenako pamabwera funso loti tingapite bwanji kunyanja.
Mofananamo, makampani omasulira m'dziko muno nawonso ndi osamala kwambiri potenga nawo mbali pamisonkhano yapadziko lonse lapansi. TalkingChina imatenga nawo mbali pamisonkhano yapadziko lonse monga GALA/ALC/LocWorld/ELIA kale kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri samawona anzawo am'dziko muno. Momwe mungakulitsire mawu ndi mphamvu ya makampani opereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo ku China m'gulu lapadziko lonse lapansi, ndikugwirizana kuti mukhale ogwirizana, nthawi zonse zakhala vuto. M'malo mwake, nthawi zambiri timawona makampani omasulira aku Argentina akuchokera kutali pamisonkhano yapadziko lonse lapansi. Sikuti amangotenga nawo mbali pamsonkhanowu komanso amaoneka ngati chithunzi cha kampani yodziwika bwino yopereka chinenero cha Chisipanishi ku South America. Amasewera masewera ena olumikizana ndi anthu pamsonkhanowu, kusangalatsa mlengalenga, ndikupanga chizindikiro chogwirizana, chomwe ndi choyenera kuphunzira kuchokera.
2) Wogula: Magulu atatu apamwamba a makasitomala pankhani ya ndalama zomwe amapeza ku United States ndi azaumoyo, boma/boma, ndi mabungwe ophunzitsa, pomwe ku China, ndi ukadaulo wazidziwitso ndi kulumikizana, malonda apaintaneti opitilira malire, ndi maphunziro ndi maphunziro (malinga ndi Lipoti la Chitukuko la 2023 la Makampani Omasulira ndi Ntchito Zachilankhulo ku China lomwe latulutsidwa ndi China Translators Association).
Opereka chithandizo chamankhwala (kuphatikizapo zipatala, makampani a inshuwaransi, ndi zipatala) ndi omwe amapereka ndalama kwa opitilira 50% a anzawo aku America, zomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe omveka bwino aku America. Padziko lonse lapansi, United States ili ndi ndalama zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito pazaumoyo. Chifukwa cha kukhazikitsa njira yosakanikirana yopezera ndalama zachinsinsi ndi za boma ku United States, ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito pazachipatala zimachokera kuzipatala zachinsinsi, makampani a inshuwaransi yazaumoyo, ndi zipatala, komanso mapulogalamu aboma. Makampani opereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo amachita gawo lalikulu pothandiza opereka chithandizo chamankhwala kupanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito mapulani ogwiritsira ntchito zilankhulo. Malinga ndi malamulo azamalamulo, mapulani ogwiritsira ntchito zilankhulo ndi ofunikira kuti awonetsetse kuti odwala omwe ali ndi luso lochepa la Chingerezi (LEP) ali ndi mwayi wofanana wopeza chithandizo chamankhwala chapamwamba.
Ubwino wa kufunikira kwa msika wachilengedwe womwe uli pamwambapa sungayerekezedwe kapena kufananizidwa ndi dzikolo. Koma msika waku China ulinso ndi makhalidwe akeake. M'zaka zaposachedwa, boma lidatsogolera Belt and Road Initiative ndipo kuchuluka kwa mabizinesi aku China omwe amapita kunja kwapangitsa kuti pakhale zosowa zambiri zomasulira kuchokera ku Chitchaina kapena Chingerezi kupita ku zilankhulo zazing'ono. Zachidziwikire, ngati mukufuna kutenga nawo mbali ndikukhala wosewera woyenerera, imayikanso zofunikira kwambiri pamabizinesi athu omasulira kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ndikuwongolera mapulojekiti.
3) Zomwe zili muutumiki: Pafupifupi theka la anzathu aku America amapereka chithandizo cha chinenero chamanja; 20% ya makampani amapereka mayeso a chinenero (omwe amaphatikizapo kuwunika luso la chinenero); 15% ya makampani amapereka maphunziro a chinenero (makamaka pa intaneti).
Palibe deta yofanana yomwe yapezeka mdziko muno ya zomwe zili pamwambapa, koma kuchokera kumalingaliro omveka bwino, chiwerengero ku United States chiyenera kukhala chokwera kuposa ku China. Wopambana pakupereka mapulojekiti opereka mapulojekiti opereka mapulojekiti a chilankhulo chamanja nthawi zambiri amakhala sukulu yapadera kapena kampani yaukadaulo wa netiweki, ndipo nthawi zambiri si kampani yomasulira. Palinso makampani angapo omasulira omwe amaika patsogolo kuyesa ndi kuphunzitsa chilankhulo ngati madera awo akuluakulu amalonda.
2. Njira yamakampani
Anzake ambiri aku America amaika patsogolo "kuwonjezera ndalama" kukhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri mu 2023, pomwe gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a makampani amasankha kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
Ponena za njira yogwirira ntchito, makampani opitilira theka awonjezera ntchito zawo m'zaka zitatu zapitazi, koma pali makampani ochepa omwe akukonzekera kuwonjezera ntchito zawo m'zaka zitatu zikubwerazi. Ntchito zomwe zawonjezeka kwambiri ndi e-learning, on-site subtitle services, machine translation post editing (PEMT), remote intelligence simultaneous interpretation (RSI), dubbing, ndi video remote interpretation (VRI). Kukula kwa ntchito kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kufunikira kwa makasitomala. Pankhaniyi, zikufanana ndi momwe zinthu zilili ku China. Makampani ambiri opereka chithandizo cha chilankhulo cha Chitchaina ayankha kufunikira kwa msika komwe kukukwera m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndipo kukula ndi kuchepetsa ndalama ndi mitu yosatha.
Pakadali pano, m'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, anzathu ambiri akunyumba akhala akukambirana za kukweza mautumiki, kaya ndi kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa mautumiki kapena kufalikira molunjika. Mwachitsanzo, makampani omasulira omwe ali akatswiri pakumasulira patent akukulitsa chidwi chawo ku madera ena a mautumiki a patent; Kuchita kumasulira magalimoto ndi kusonkhanitsa nzeru pamakampani opanga magalimoto; Kumasulira zikalata zotsatsa kuti zithandize makasitomala kufalitsa ndikusunga zofalitsa zamalonda zakunja; Ndimaperekanso ntchito zosindikizira pamlingo wosindikiza ndi ntchito zosindikiza pambuyo pake kuti zisindikizidwe; Omwe amagwira ntchito ngati omasulira misonkhano ali ndi udindo wochita zochitika zamisonkhano kapena kumanga pamalopo; Pomasulira webusaiti, kuchita SEO ndi SEM, ndi zina zotero. Zachidziwikire, kusintha kulikonse kumafuna kufufuza ndipo sikophweka, ndipo padzakhala misampha ina pakuyesa. Komabe, bola ngati ndi kusintha kwanzeru komwe kumachitika mutapanga zisankho zomveka, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchita khama pang'onopang'ono munjira yovuta. M'zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu zapitazi, TalkingChina Translation yakhazikitsa pang'onopang'ono minda yolunjika ndi zinthu zokulitsa zilankhulo (monga mankhwala, ma patent, masewera apaintaneti ndi zosangalatsa zina, Chingerezi ndi mayiko akunja, ndi zina zotero). Nthawi yomweyo, yapanganso zowonjezera zokhazikika muukadaulo wake pakupanga zinthu zomasulira zolumikizirana pamsika. Ngakhale ikuchita bwino pakupanga ntchito zomasulira, yalembanso zolemba zamtengo wapatali (monga mfundo zogulitsa, mitu yotsogolera, kopi yazinthu, tsatanetsatane wazinthu, kopi yolankhula, ndi zina zotero), zomwe zapeza zotsatira zabwino.
Ponena za mpikisano, anzawo ambiri aku America amaona makampani akuluakulu, apadziko lonse lapansi, komanso olankhula zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana ngati opikisana nawo akuluakulu, monga LanguageLine, Lionbridge, RWS, TransPerfect, ndi zina zotero; Ku China, chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa makasitomala pakati pa makampani apadziko lonse lapansi ndi makampani omasulira am'deralo, pali mpikisano wochepa mwachindunji. Mpikisano wochuluka wa anzawo umachokera ku mpikisano wamitengo pakati pa makampani omasulira, pomwe makampani otsika mtengo komanso akuluakulu ndi omwe amapikisana nawo kwambiri, makamaka pama projekiti opereka ma bid.
Nthawi zonse pakhala kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa China ndi United States pankhani ya kuphatikizana ndi kugula. Ntchito zophatikizana ndi kugula za anzawo aku America zikukhazikika, ogula akufunafuna mipata nthawi zonse ndipo ogulitsa omwe angakhalepo akufunafuna kapena kudikira mwayi wogulitsa kapena kusunga kulumikizana ndi ma broker ophatikizana ndi kugula. Ku China, chifukwa cha mavuto azachuma, kuwerengera mtengo kumakhala kovuta; Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa bwana ndiye wogulitsa wamkulu, pakhoza kukhala zoopsa zosamutsa zinthu za makasitomala asanayambe komanso atagwirizana ndi kugula ngati kampaniyo isinthana. Kuphatikizana ndi kugula sichizolowezi.
3. Zomwe zili muutumiki
Kumasulira kwa makina (MT) kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi anzawo ku United States. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito MT mkati mwa kampani nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosankha komanso koyenera, ndipo zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimatha kukhudza zoopsa ndi zabwino zomwe zingachitike. Pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu a anzawo aku America amapereka chithandizo chosinthira makina (PEMT) ngati chithandizo kwa makasitomala awo, koma TEP ikadali ntchito yomasulira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Posankha pakati pa njira zitatu zopangira zamanja, makina oyera, ndi kumasulira ndi kusintha kwa makina, kufunikira kwa makasitomala ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza kupanga zisankho, ndipo kufunika kwake kumaposa zinthu zina ziwiri zazikulu (mtundu wa zomwe zili ndi mawu ndi kulumikizana kwa chilankhulo).
Ponena za kutanthauzira, msika waku US wasintha kwambiri. Pafupifupi magawo atatu mwa anayi a opereka chithandizo chomasulira aku America amapereka kutanthauzira kwakutali kwamavidiyo (VRI) ndi kutanthauzira kwa pafoni (OPI), ndipo pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu a makampani amapereka kutanthauzira kwakutali kwanthawi imodzi (RSI). Madera atatu akuluakulu a opereka chithandizo chomasulira ndi kutanthauzira zaumoyo, kutanthauzira kwa bizinesi, ndi kutanthauzira kwalamulo. RSI ikuwoneka kuti ikadali msika waukulu kwambiri ku United States. Ngakhale kuti nsanja za RSI makamaka ndi makampani aukadaulo, nsanja zambiri tsopano zimapereka mwayi wopeza ntchito zomasulira kudzera mu crowdsourcing ndi/kapena mgwirizano ndi makampani opereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo. Kuphatikiza mwachindunji nsanja za RSI ndi zida zamisonkhano yapaintaneti monga Zoom ndi nsanja zina zamakasitomala kumayikanso makampani awa pamalo abwino pakuwongolera zosowa zamakampani omasulira. Zachidziwikire, nsanja ya RSI imawonedwanso ndi anzawo ambiri aku America ngati mpikisano mwachindunji. Ngakhale RSI ili ndi zabwino zambiri pankhani yosinthasintha komanso mtengo, imabweretsanso zovuta zogwirira ntchito, kuphatikiza kuchedwa, mtundu wa mawu, zovuta zachitetezo cha data, ndi zina zotero.
Zomwe zili pamwambapa zili ndi kufanana ndi kusiyana ku China, monga RSI. TalkingChina Translation idakhazikitsa mgwirizano wanzeru ndi kampani ya nsanja isanafike mliriwu. Panthawi ya mliriwu, nsanjayi inali ndi bizinesi yambiri yokha, koma pambuyo pa mliriwu, misonkhano yambiri idayambiranso kugwiritsa ntchito mafomu osagwiritsa ntchito intaneti. Chifukwa chake, kuchokera pamalingaliro a TalkingChina Translation ngati wopereka kutanthauzira, ikuwona kuti kufunikira kwa kutanthauzira pamalopo kwawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo RSI yatsika pang'ono, Koma RSI ndi chowonjezera chofunikira kwambiri komanso kuthekera kofunikira kwa opereka chithandizo cha kutanthauzira m'nyumba. Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito OPI pakutanthauzira pafoni kuli kale kotsika kwambiri pamsika waku China kuposa ku United States, chifukwa zochitika zazikulu zogwiritsidwa ntchito ku United States ndi zamankhwala komanso zalamulo, zomwe sizikupezeka ku China.
Ponena za kumasulira kwa makina, kusintha kwa makina pambuyo pokonza (PEMT) ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi nthiti za nkhuku chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makampani omasulira m'nyumba. Makasitomala sasankha kawirikawiri, ndipo chomwe akufuna kwambiri ndikupeza mtundu womwewo komanso liwiro la kumasulira kwa anthu pamtengo wofanana ndi kumasulira kwa makina. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito kumasulira kwa makina sikuonekera kwambiri popanga makampani omasulira, mosasamala kanthu kuti agwiritsidwa ntchito kapena ayi, Tifunika kupatsa makasitomala khalidwe loyenerera komanso mitengo yotsika (yachangu, yabwino, komanso yotsika mtengo). Zachidziwikire, palinso makasitomala omwe amapereka mwachindunji zotsatira za kumasulira kwa makina ndikupempha makampani omasulira kuti awerenge motsatira izi. Lingaliro la TalkingChina Translation ndilakuti mtundu wa kumasulira kwa makina komwe kasitomala amapatsa kasitomala ndi kutali ndi zomwe kasitomala amayembekezera, ndipo kuwerenga kolondola pamanja kumafuna kulowererapo kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri kupitirira zomwe PEMT ikufuna. Komabe, mtengo womwe kasitomala amapereka ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa wa kumasulira kwamanja.
4. Kukula ndi phindu
Ngakhale kuti pali kusatsimikizika kwa zachuma ndi ndale padziko lonse lapansi, kukula kwa makampani aku US mu 2022 kunapitirirabe kulimba, pomwe 60% ya makampani akupeza ndalama zambiri ndipo 25% akupeza kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zikupitilira 25%. Kulimba mtima kumeneku kukugwirizana ndi zinthu zingapo zofunika: ndalama zomwe makampani amapereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo zimachokera m'magawo osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusintha kwa kufunikira kwa kampaniyo kukhale kochepa; Maukadaulo monga mawu ndi mawu, kumasulira kwa makina, ndi nsanja zomasulira patali zimapangitsa kuti mabizinesi azitha kugwiritsa ntchito mayankho a zilankhulo m'malo osiyanasiyana, ndipo momwe ntchito zopezera zilankhulo zikupitilira kukula; Nthawi yomweyo, makampani azaumoyo ndi madipatimenti aboma ku United States akupitilizabe kuwonjezera ndalama zina; Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe ali ndi luso lochepa la Chingerezi (LEP) ku United States akuchulukirachulukira, ndipo kukakamiza malamulo oletsa zilankhulo kukuchulukiranso.
Mu 2022, anzawo aku America nthawi zambiri amakhala opindulitsa, ndi phindu lalikulu pakati pa 29% ndi 43%, pomwe maphunziro a chilankhulo amakhala ndi phindu lalikulu kwambiri (43%). Komabe, poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha, phindu la ntchito zomasulira ndi kutanthauzira lachepa pang'ono. Ngakhale makampani ambiri awonjezera mitengo yawo kwa makasitomala, kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito (makamaka ndalama zogwirira ntchito) kukupitirirabe kukhala chinthu chofunikira chomwe chikukhudza phindu la ntchito ziwirizi.
Ku China, ndalama zomwe makampani omasulira amapeza zikukweranso mu 2022. Poganizira phindu lalikulu, tinganene kuti ndi lofanana ndi la ku America. Komabe, kusiyana kwake ndikuti pankhani ya mtengo, makamaka pa mapulojekiti akuluakulu, mtengowo ukutsika. Chifukwa chake, chinthu chachikulu chomwe chikukhudza phindu si kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito, koma kuchepa kwa mitengo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mpikisano wamitengo. Chifukwa chake, pamene ndalama zogwirira ntchito sizingachepe mofanana, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo monga luntha lochita kupanga kuti muchepetse ndalama ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito akadali chisankho chosapeŵeka.
5. Mitengo
Mu msika wa ku US, kuchuluka kwa mawu omasulira, kusintha, ndi kusanthula (TEP) kwawonjezeka ndi 2% mpaka 9%. Lipoti la ALC likufotokoza mitengo yomasulira mu Chingerezi m'zilankhulo 11: Chiarabu, Chipwitikizi, Chitchaina Chosavuta, Chifalansa, Chijeremani, Chijapani, Chikorea, Chirasha, Chisipanishi, Chitagalog, ndi Chivietnam. Mtengo wapakati mu kumasulira mu Chingerezi ndi madola 0.23 aku US pa liwu lililonse, ndipo mtengo wake ndi pakati pa mtengo wotsika kwambiri wa 0.10 ndi mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri wa 0.31; Mtengo wapakati mu kumasulira mu Chingerezi chosavuta cha Chitchaina ndi 0.24, ndipo mtengo wake ndi pakati pa 0.20 ndi 0.31.
Anzake aku America nthawi zambiri amanena kuti "makasitomala akuyembekeza kuti nzeru zopanga ndi zida za MT zitha kuchepetsa ndalama, koma sangathe kusiya muyezo wabwino wa ntchito yamanja 100%. Mitengo ya PEMT nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika ndi 20% mpaka 35% poyerekeza ndi ntchito zomasulira zamanja. Ngakhale kuti chitsanzo cha mitengo ya mawu ndi mawu chikadali cholamulira makampani azilankhulo, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri PEMT kwakhala mphamvu kwa makampani ena kuyambitsa mitundu ina yamitengo.
Ponena za kutanthauzira, chiŵerengero cha mautumiki mu 2022 chakwera poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kunali pakutanthauzira pamisonkhano, ndipo chiŵerengero cha mautumiki a OPI, VRI, ndi RSI onse akukwera ndi 7% mpaka 9%.
Poyerekeza ndi izi, makampani omasulira m'dziko muno ku China alibe mwayi wochuluka. Chifukwa cha mavuto azachuma, kusokonezeka kwa ukadaulo monga nzeru zopanga zinthu, kuwongolera ndalama kuchokera ku chipani A, komanso mpikisano wamitengo mkati mwa makampani, mitengo ya matembenuzidwe apakamwa ndi olembedwa sinakwere koma yatsika, makamaka pamitengo ya matembenuzidwe.
6. Ukadaulo
1) Chida cha TMS/CAT: MemoQ ikutsogolera, ndi oposa 50% a anzawo aku America omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nsanja iyi, kutsatiridwa ndi RWSTrados. Boostlingo ndiye nsanja yotanthauzira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo pafupifupi 30% ya makampani akunena kuti amagwiritsa ntchito kukonza, kuyang'anira, kapena kupereka ntchito zomasulira. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a makampani oyesa zilankhulo amagwiritsa ntchito Zoom popereka ntchito zoyesera. Posankha zida zomasulira makina, Amazon AWS ndiyo yomwe imasankhidwa kwambiri, kutsatiridwa ndi Alibaba ndi DeepL, kenako Google.
Mkhalidwe ku China ndi wofanana, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zomasulira makina, komanso zinthu zochokera kumakampani akuluakulu monga Baidu ndi Youdao, komanso makina omasulira makina omwe amachita bwino kwambiri m'magawo enaake. Pakati pa anzawo am'nyumba, kupatulapo momwe makampani omasulira makina amagwiritsira ntchito, makampani ambiri amadalirabe njira zachikhalidwe zomasulira. Komabe, makampani ena omasulira omwe ali ndi luso lamphamvu laukadaulo kapena omwe amayang'ana kwambiri gawo linalake nawonso ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo womasulira makina. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito makina omasulira makina omwe amagulidwa kapena kubwerekedwa kuchokera kwa anthu ena koma amaphunzitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kampani yawoyawo.
2) Large Language Model (LLM): Ili ndi luso labwino kwambiri lomasulira makina, komanso ili ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zake. Ku United States, makampani opereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo adakali ndi gawo lalikulu popereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo kwa mabizinesi pamlingo waukulu. Udindo wawo ukuphatikizapo kukwaniritsa zosowa zovuta za ogula kudzera mu ntchito zosiyanasiyana za zilankhulo zoyendetsedwa ndi ukadaulo, ndikumanga mlatho pakati pa ntchito zomwe luntha lochita kupanga lingapereke ndi ntchito za zilankhulo zomwe makampani amakasitomala amafunika kuziyika. Komabe, pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito luntha lochita kupanga m'machitidwe amkati sikuli kofala kwambiri. Pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu a anzawo aku America sanagwiritse ntchito luntha lochita kupanga kuti azitha kuyendetsa kapena kuyendetsa ntchito iliyonse. Njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito luntha lochita kupanga ngati chinthu choyendetsera ntchito ndi kudzera mu kupanga mawu othandizidwa ndi AI. 10% yokha ya makampani amagwiritsa ntchito luntha lochita kupanga posanthula zolemba; Pafupifupi 10% ya makampani amagwiritsa ntchito luntha lochita kupanga kuti ayesere mtundu wa kumasulira; Osakwana 5% ya makampani amagwiritsa ntchito luntha lochita kupanga kuti akonzekere kapena kuthandiza omasulira pantchito yawo. Komabe, anzawo ambiri aku America akumvetsa bwino LLM, ndipo gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a makampani akuyesa mayeso.
Pachifukwa ichi, poyamba, anzawo ambiri akunyumba sanathe kuphatikiza kwathunthu zinthu zazikulu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chilankhulo kuchokera kumayiko akunja, monga ChatGPT, mu ndondomeko ya polojekitiyi chifukwa cha zoletsa zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthuzi ngati zida zanzeru zofunsa mafunso ndi mayankho. Komabe, pakapita nthawi, zinthuzi sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati makina omasulira makina okha, komanso zaphatikizidwa bwino mu ntchito zina monga kupukuta ndi kuwunika kumasulira. Ntchito zosiyanasiyana za ma LLM awa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zipereke ntchito zambiri zamapulojekiti. Ndikoyenera kunena kuti, motsogozedwa ndi zinthu zakunja, zinthu za LLM zopangidwa mdziko muno nazonso zawonekera. Komabe, kutengera ndemanga zomwe zilipo pano, pakadali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zinthu za LLM zakunyumba ndi zakunja, koma tikukhulupirira kuti padzakhala kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo ndi zatsopano mtsogolo kuti tichepetse kusiyana kumeneku.
3) MT, automatic transcription, ndi AI subtitles ndi ntchito zodziwika bwino za AI. Mkhalidwe ku China uli wofanana, ndi chitukuko chachikulu mu ukadaulo monga kuzindikira mawu ndi automatic transcription m'zaka zaposachedwa, zomwe zapangitsa kuti kuchepetsa ndalama ndi kukonza magwiridwe antchito kukhale kotsika kwambiri. Zachidziwikire, chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa ukadaulo uwu komanso kufunikira kwakukulu, makasitomala nthawi zonse akufunafuna njira zabwino zogwiritsira ntchito ndalama mkati mwa bajeti zochepa, ndipo opereka ukadaulo akuyesetsa kupanga mayankho abwino.
4) Ponena za kuphatikiza ntchito zomasulira, TMS ikhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi nsanja zosiyanasiyana monga CMS ya makasitomala (dongosolo loyang'anira zinthu) ndi laibulale ya mafayilo amtambo; Ponena za ntchito zomasulira, zida zomasulira zakutali zitha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi nsanja zoperekera chithandizo chaumoyo chakutali kwa makasitomala ndi nsanja zamisonkhano yapaintaneti. Mtengo wokhazikitsa ndikukhazikitsa kuphatikiza ukhoza kukhala wokwera, koma kuphatikiza kumatha kuyika mwachindunji mayankho amakampani opereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo mu dongosolo laukadaulo la kasitomala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunika kwambiri. Oposa theka la anzawo aku America amakhulupirira kuti kuphatikiza ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale mpikisano, pomwe pafupifupi 60% ya makampani amalandira kuchuluka kwa kumasulira pang'ono kudzera mu ntchito zodziyimira pawokha. Ponena za njira yaukadaulo, makampani ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira yogulira, ndipo 35% ya makampani amagwiritsa ntchito njira yosakanikirana ya "kugula ndi kumanga".
Ku China, makampani akuluakulu omasulira kapena omasulira nthawi zambiri amapanga nsanja zophatikizika kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mkati, ndipo ena amatha kuzigulitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, ena opereka ukadaulo wachitatu ayambitsanso zinthu zawo zophatikizika, kuphatikiza CAT, MT, ndi LLM. Mwa kusintha njira ndikuphatikiza luntha lochita kupanga ndi kumasulira kwa anthu, cholinga chathu ndikupanga njira yanzeru kwambiri. Izi zikuyikanso patsogolo zofunikira zatsopano pakupanga luso ndi njira yophunzitsira maluso a zilankhulo. Mtsogolomu, makampani omasulira adzawona zochitika zambiri zolumikizirana ndi makina a anthu, zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa makampani opanga zinthu zanzeru komanso zogwira mtima. Omasulira ayenera kuphunzira momwe angagwiritsire ntchito luntha lochita kupanga ndi zida zodzichitira zokha kuti akonze bwino ntchito yomasulira komanso yabwino.
TalkingChina Translation yayesetsanso kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja yolumikizidwayi pakupanga kwake pankhaniyi. Pakadali pano, tidakali mu gawo lofufuza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti oyang'anira mapulojekiti ndi omasulira azivutika pankhani ya machitidwe antchito. Ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri kuti azolowere njira zatsopano zogwirira ntchito. Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ntchito kumafunikanso kuyang'aniridwa ndi kuwunikanso. Komabe, tikukhulupirira kuti kufufuza kwabwino kumeneku ndikofunikira.
7. Unyolo Wopereka Zinthu ndi Antchito
Pafupifupi 80% ya anzawo aku America akunena kuti akukumana ndi kusowa kwa luso. Ogulitsa, omasulira, ndi oyang'anira mapulojekiti ali m'gulu la akuluakulu omwe akufuna kwambiri koma omwe akupezeka mosavuta. Malipiro akadali okhazikika, koma malo ogulitsira akwera ndi 20% poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha, pomwe maudindo oyang'anira atsika ndi 8%. Kuyang'anira mautumiki ndi utumiki kwa makasitomala, komanso nzeru zopanga ndi deta yayikulu, zimaonedwa kuti ndi luso lofunika kwambiri kwa antchito m'zaka zitatu zikubwerazi. Woyang'anira mapulojekiti ndiye udindo wolembedwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo makampani ambiri amalemba ntchito woyang'anira mapulojekiti. Makampani ochepera 20% amalemba ntchito akatswiri opanga mapulogalamu/mapulogalamu.
Mkhalidwe ku China ndi wofanana. Ponena za ogwira ntchito nthawi zonse, n'zovuta kuti makampani omasulira asunge luso labwino kwambiri logulitsa, makamaka iwo omwe amamvetsetsa kupanga, msika, ndi utumiki kwa makasitomala. Ngakhale titabwerera m'mbuyo ndikunena kuti bizinesi ya kampani yathu imadalira kokha kutumikira makasitomala akale, si yankho la nthawi imodzi. Kuti tipereke utumiki wabwino, tiyeneranso kukhala okhoza kupirira mpikisano pamtengo wabwino. Nthawi yomweyo, palinso zofunikira zapamwamba za luso lotsogolera utumiki kwa ogwira ntchito yomasulira (omwe angamvetse bwino zosowa za omasulira ndikupanga ndikukhazikitsa mapulani ofanana a utumiki wa chilankhulo) ndi luso lowongolera polojekiti la ogwira ntchito yoyang'anira polojekiti (omwe amatha kumvetsetsa zinthu ndi njira, kuwongolera ndalama ndi mtundu, ndikugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana mosavuta, kuphatikiza zida zatsopano zanzeru zopangira).
Ponena za unyolo wopereka zinthu, pakugwira ntchito kwa bizinesi yomasulira ya TalkingChina, zipezeka kuti pakhala zofunikira zatsopano zambiri ku China m'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, monga kufunikira kwa zida zomasulira zakomweko m'maiko akunja kuti mabizinesi aku China apite padziko lonse lapansi; Zida m'zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana zazing'ono zomwe zikugwirizana ndi kukula kwa kampaniyo kunja; Maluso apadera m'magawo olunjika (kaya mu zamankhwala, masewera, ma patent, ndi zina zotero, zida zomasulira zofanana ndizodziyimira pawokha, ndipo popanda mbiri ndi chidziwitso chofanana, sangathe kulowa); Pali kusowa kwakukulu kwa omasulira, koma ayenera kukhala osinthasintha kwambiri pankhani ya nthawi yogwirira ntchito (monga kuyitanitsa ola limodzi kapena kucheperako, m'malo mwa mtengo woyambira wa theka la tsiku). Chifukwa chake dipatimenti yomasulira ya makampani omasulira ikukhala yofunika kwambiri, ikugwira ntchito ngati gulu lothandizira kwambiri dipatimenti yamalonda ndipo ikufuna gulu logula zinthu lomwe likugwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa bizinesi ya kampaniyo. Zachidziwikire, kugula zinthu sikungophatikizapo omasulira odziyimira pawokha, komanso magulu ogwirizana, monga tafotokozera kale.
8. Malonda ndi Malonda
Hubspot ndi LinkedIn ndi zida zazikulu zogulitsira ndi kutsatsa zomwe anzawo aku America amagwiritsa ntchito. Mu 2022, makampani adzapereka avareji ya 7% ya ndalama zomwe amapeza pachaka ku malonda.
Poyerekeza ndi izi, palibe zida zogulitsira zothandiza kwambiri ku China, ndipo LinkedIn singagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi zonse ku China. Njira zogulitsira ndi monga kupereka ma bid opusa kapena oyang'anira omwe amadzigulitsa okha, ndipo pali magulu ochepa ogulitsa akuluakulu omwe apangidwa. Nthawi yosinthira makasitomala ndi yayitali kwambiri, ndipo kumvetsetsa ndi kuyang'anira luso la "malonda" kudakali kophweka, zomwe ndi chifukwa chake ntchito yolemba gulu logulitsa ikuyenda pang'onopang'ono.
Ponena za malonda, pafupifupi aliyense wogwira naye ntchito ali ndi akaunti yakeyake ya WeChat, ndipo TalkingChinayi ilinso ndi akaunti yakeyake ya kanema ya WeChat. Nthawi yomweyo, Bilibili, Xiaohongshu, Zhihu, ndi zina zotero zimakonzedwanso, ndipo mtundu uwu wa malonda umayang'ana kwambiri mtundu; Mawu ofunikira a SEM ndi SEO a Baidu kapena Google nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa mwachindunji, koma m'zaka zaposachedwa, mtengo wosinthira mafunso wakhala ukukwera. Kuphatikiza pa kukwera kwa ma bidding a mainjini osakira, mtengo wa ogwira ntchito otsatsa omwe amagwira ntchito yotsatsa nawonso wakwera. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu wa mafunso omwe amabweretsedwa ndi malonda ndi wofanana, ndipo sungayang'anitsidwe malinga ndi gulu la makasitomala a bizinesiyo, lomwe silikugwira ntchito bwino. Chifukwa chake, m'zaka zaposachedwa, anzawo ambiri akunyumba asiya kutsatsa mainjini osakira ndikugwiritsa ntchito ogwira ntchito ogulitsa kwambiri kuti achite malonda awoawo.
Poyerekeza ndi makampani ku United States omwe amagwiritsa ntchito 7% ya ndalama zomwe amapeza pachaka pa malonda, makampani omasulira m'dziko muno amaika ndalama zochepa m'derali. Chifukwa chachikulu choyika ndalama zochepa ndi kusazindikira kufunika kwake kapena kusadziwa momwe angachitire bwino. Sikophweka kuchita malonda okhudzana ndi ntchito zomasulira za B2B, ndipo vuto la kukhazikitsa malonda ndi zomwe zomwe zili mkati mwake zingakope makasitomala.
9. Mbali zina
1) Miyezo ndi ziphaso
Anthu oposa theka la anzawo aku America amakhulupirira kuti satifiketi ya ISO imathandiza kuti mpikisano ukhalepo, koma sikofunikira kwenikweni. Muyezo wotchuka kwambiri wa ISO ndi satifiketi ya ISO17100:2015, yomwe imavomerezedwa ndi kampani imodzi mwa zitatu zilizonse.
Mkhalidwe ku China ndi wakuti mapulojekiti ambiri opereka ma bid ndi kugula mkati mwa mabizinesi ena amafuna ISO9001, kotero monga chizindikiro chofunikira, makampani ambiri omasulira amafunikirabe satifiketi. Poyerekeza ndi ena, ISO17100 ndi mfundo yowonjezera, ndipo makasitomala ambiri akunja ali ndi izi. Chifukwa chake, makampani omasulira adzaweruza ngati ndikofunikira kuchita satifiketi iyi kutengera makasitomala awoawo. Nthawi yomweyo, palinso mgwirizano pakati pa China Translation Association ndi Fangyuan Logo Certification Group kuti ayambe satifiketi ya A-level (A-5A) ya ntchito zomasulira ku China.
2) Zizindikiro zazikulu zowunikira magwiridwe antchito
50% ya anzawo aku America amagwiritsa ntchito ndalama ngati chizindikiro cha bizinesi, ndipo 28% ya makampani amagwiritsa ntchito phindu ngati chizindikiro cha bizinesi. Zizindikiro zomwe sizili zachuma zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ndemanga za makasitomala, makasitomala akale, mitengo ya malonda, chiwerengero cha maoda/mapulojekiti, ndi makasitomala atsopano. Ndemanga za makasitomala ndiye chizindikiro chowunikira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyesa mtundu wa zotuluka. Mkhalidwe ku China ndi wofanana.
3) Malamulo ndi malamulo
Miyezo yosinthidwa kuchokera ku Small Business Association of America (SBA) iyamba kugwira ntchito mu Januwale 2022. Chiwerengero cha makampani omasulira ndi kutanthauzira chakwezedwa kuchoka pa $8 miliyoni kufika pa $22.5 miliyoni. Mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono a SBA ali oyenerera kulandira mwayi wogulira zinthu kuchokera ku boma, kutenga nawo mbali m'mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana okulitsa mabizinesi, mapulogalamu ophunzitsa, komanso kukhala ndi mwayi wolumikizana ndi akatswiri osiyanasiyana. Mkhalidwe ku China ndi wosiyana. Pali lingaliro la mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi ang'onoang'ono ku China, ndipo chithandizo chimawonekera kwambiri mu zolimbikitsa misonkho.
4) Zachinsinsi za deta ndi chitetezo cha netiweki
Oposa 80% a anzawo aku America akhazikitsa mfundo ndi njira zopewera zochitika pa intaneti. Oposa theka la makampani akhazikitsa njira zodziwira zochitika. Pafupifupi theka la makampani amachita kafukufuku wokhazikika wokhudza zoopsa ndikukhazikitsa maudindo ndi maudindo okhudzana ndi chitetezo cha pa intaneti mkati mwa kampaniyo. Izi ndi zovuta kwambiri kuposa makampani ambiri omasulira Chitchaina.
Mwachidule, mu lipoti la ALC, taona mawu angapo ofunikira kuchokera ku makampani anzathu aku America:
1. Kukula
Mu 2023, poyang'anizana ndi mavuto azachuma, makampani opereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo ku United States akadali ndi mphamvu, makampani ambiri akupeza kukula ndi ndalama zokhazikika. Komabe, zomwe zikuchitika panopa zimabweretsa mavuto akuluakulu pa phindu la makampani. "Kukula" kukupitilizabe kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamakampani opereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo mu 2023, chomwe chikuwonetsedwa ndi kupitiriza kukulitsa magulu ogulitsa ndikukonza njira zoperekera zinthu kwa omasulira ndi omasulira. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa kuphatikiza ndi kugula m'makampaniwa kukukhazikika, makamaka chifukwa cha chiyembekezo cholowa m'magawo atsopano olunjika komanso misika yachigawo.
2. Mtengo
Ngakhale kuti chiwerengero cha antchito chikuwonjezeka nthawi zonse, msika wa antchito wabweretsanso mavuto ena oonekeratu; Oimira malonda abwino kwambiri ndi oyang'anira mapulojekiti akusowa. Pakadali pano, kukakamizidwa kuwongolera ndalama kumapangitsa kuti kulemba anthu ntchito omasulira odziwa bwino ntchito pamitengo yabwino kukhale kovuta kwambiri.
3. Ukadaulo
Kusintha kwa ukadaulo kukusinthiratu mawonekedwe a makampani opereka chithandizo cha zilankhulo nthawi zonse, ndipo mabizinesi akukumana ndi zisankho zambiri zaukadaulo ndi zisankho zanzeru: momwe angagwirizanitsire bwino luso laukadaulo la luntha lochita kupanga ndi chidziwitso chaukadaulo cha anthu kuti apereke ntchito zosiyanasiyana? Momwe mungaphatikizire zida zatsopano mu ntchito? Makampani ena ang'onoang'ono akuda nkhawa ngati angatsatire kusintha kwaukadaulo. Komabe, ogwira ntchito ambiri omasulira ku United States ali ndi malingaliro abwino paukadaulo watsopano ndipo amakhulupirira kuti makampaniwa ali ndi kuthekera kosintha malinga ndi chilengedwe chatsopano chaukadaulo.
4. Kutsogolera ntchito
"Kuyang'anira utumiki" komwe kumaganizira makasitomala ndi mutu womwe umaperekedwa mobwerezabwereza ndi ogwira ntchito omasulira aku America. Kutha kusintha mayankho a chilankhulo ndi njira kutengera zosowa za makasitomala kumaonedwa kuti ndi luso lofunika kwambiri kwa ogwira ntchito mumakampani opereka chithandizo cha chilankhulo.
Mawu ofunikira omwe ali pamwambawa akugwiritsidwanso ntchito ku China. Makampani omwe ali ndi "kukula" mu lipoti la ALC sali pakati pa madola 500000 ndi 1 miliyoni aku US. Monga bizinesi yaying'ono yokhala ndi ndalama, lingaliro la TalkingChina Translation ndilakuti bizinesi yakunyumba yomasulira yakhala ikupita kumakampani akuluakulu omasulira m'zaka zaposachedwa, zomwe zikuwonetsa zotsatira zazikulu za Matthew. Kuchokera pamalingaliro awa, kuwonjezera ndalama kukadali patsogolo. Ponena za mtengo, makampani omasulira kale adagula mitengo yopanga kumasulira yomwe inali yomasulira pamanja, yowerengera zolakwika, kapena PEMT. Komabe, mu mtundu watsopano wofunikira pomwe PEMT ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kutulutsa mtundu womasulira pamanja, momwe mungasinthire njira yopangira, ndikofunikira kwambiri kugula mtengo watsopano kwa omasulira ogwirizana kuti achite kusanthula mozama potengera MT komanso pomaliza pake mtundu womasulira pamanja (wosiyana ndi PEMT yosavuta), pomwe akupereka malangizo atsopano ogwirira ntchito.
Ponena za ukadaulo, anzawo akunyumba nawonso akulandira ukadaulo mwachangu ndikupanga kusintha kofunikira pa njira zopangira. Ponena za malangizo okhudza utumiki, kaya TalkingChina Translate ili ndi ubale wolimba ndi makasitomala kapena imadalira kudziwongolera kosalekeza, kasamalidwe ka mtundu, kukonza mautumiki, ndi malangizo okhudza kufunikira kwa makasitomala. Chizindikiro chowunikira ubwino ndi "mayankho a makasitomala", m'malo mokhulupirira kuti "njira yonse yopangira ndi kuwongolera khalidwe yakhazikitsidwa". Nthawi iliyonse pakakhala chisokonezo, kutuluka, kufikira makasitomala, ndikumvetsera mawu awo ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa kasamalidwe ka makasitomala.
Ngakhale kuti chaka cha 2022 chinali chaka chovuta kwambiri pa mliri wa m'dziko muno, makampani ambiri omasulira m'dziko muno adakulabe. Chaka cha 2023 ndi chaka choyamba pambuyo poti mliriwu wayambiranso. Malo ovuta andale ndi azachuma, komanso zotsatira ziwiri za ukadaulo wa AI, zimayambitsa mavuto akulu pakukula ndi phindu la makampani omasulira. Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji ukadaulo kuti muchepetse ndalama ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito? Kodi mungapambane bwanji mpikisano wamitengo womwe ukukulirakulira? Kodi mungayang'ane bwanji makasitomala bwino ndikukwaniritsa zosowa zawo zomwe zikusintha nthawi zonse, makamaka zosowa zautumiki wapadziko lonse lapansi zamakampani aku China m'zaka zaposachedwa, pomwe phindu lawo likuchepetsedwa? Makampani omasulira aku China akuganizira ndikuchita izi mwachangu. Kupatula kusiyana kwa mikhalidwe yadziko, titha kupezabe maumboni othandiza kuchokera kwa anzathu aku America mu Lipoti la Makampani la 2023ALC.
Nkhaniyi yaperekedwa ndi Ms. Su Yang (Woyang'anira Wamkulu wa Shanghai TalkingChina Translation Consulting Co., Ltd.)
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-01-2024